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Dhammapada · narration sample

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Rig Veda · 793 of 1027

Mandala 9: HYMN LXX. Soma Pavamana.

1.THE three times seven Milch-kine in the eastern heaven have for this Soma poured the genuine milky draught. Four other beauteous Creatures hath he made for his adornment, when he waxed in strength through holy rites.

2.Longing for lovely Amṛta, by his wisdom he divided, each apart from other, earth and heaven. He gladly wrapped himself in the most lucid floods, when through their glory they found the God’s resting-place.

3.May those his brilliant rays he ever free from death, inviolate, for both classes of created things,— Rays wherewith powers of men and Gods are purified. Yea, even for this have sageswelcomed him as King.

4.He, while he is adorned by the ten skilful ones, that he too in the Midmost Mothers may create, While he is watching o’er the lovely Amṛta’s ways, looks on both races as Beholder of mankind.

5.He, while he is adorned to stream forth mighty strength, rejoices in his place between the earth and heaven. The Steer dispels the evil-hearted with his might, aiming at offerings as an archer at the game.

6.Beholding, as it were, Two Mother Cows, the Steer goes roaring on his way even as the Maruts roar. Knowing Eternal Law, the earliest light of heaven, he, passing wise, was chosen out to tell it forth.

7.The fearful Bull is bellowing with violent might, far-sighted, sharpening his yellowcoloured horns. Soma assumes his seat in the well-fashioned place: the cowhide and the sheepskin are his ornament.

8.Bright, making pure his body free from spot and stain, on the sheep’s back the Golden-coloured hath flowed down. Acceptable to Mitra, Vāyu, Varuṇa, he is prepared as threefold meal by skilful men.

9.Flow on for the God’s banquet, Soma, as a Steer, and enter Indra’s heart, the Soma’s reservoir. Bear us beyond misfortune ere we be oppres. sed. the man who knows the land directs the man who asks.

10.Urged like a car-steed flow to strength, O Soma: Indu, flow onward to the throat of Indra. Skilled, bear us past, as in a boat o’er water: as battling Hero save us from the foeman.

Asked of Guide

Why is Soma repeatedly called a Steer or Bull in this hymn?

The hymn uses the Steer/Bull image to give Soma a living, forceful presence: he “roaring,” “bellowing with violent might,” and “dispels the evil-hearted.” Those animal traits make his potency tangible and link the intoxicating juice to fertility, strength, and sacrificial power.

Calling Soma a Bull also locates him between earth and heaven — “rejoices in his place between the earth and heaven” — signifying his role as mediator who carries amṛta and law to both worlds. This is similar to themes in the Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa, which treats sacrificial substances and animals as bridges between gods and humans.

Guide is the guide inside the Gnosis app, where every book on these shelves is free to read. Guide is the part you pay for — your guide has read all of them, and answers about the passage you’re actually on. Ask your guide your own question.