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Rig Veda · 425 of 1027
1.O Varuṇa and Mitra, ye who slay the foemen, come with might To this our goodly sacrifice.
2.For, Varuṇa and Mitra, ye Sages are Rulers over all. Fill full our songs, for this ye can.
3.Come to the juice that we have pressed. Varuṇa, Mitra, come to drink This Soma of the worshipper.
Asked of Guide
Why do the Rishis call Mitra and Varuṇa both “Sages” and “Rulers” here?
The hymn names Mitra and Varuṇa “Sages” and “Rulers” because the poets see divine authority as both moral wisdom and political power; the gods govern cosmic law and guide human conduct. Calling them “Sages” credits their insight into ṛta (order), while “Rulers” locates that insight in active sovereignty over people and destiny.
This pairing echoes other Rig Veda hymns where gods embody functions rather than single roles, similar to how Indra appears as warrior and dispenser of boons elsewhere. The petition to “fill full our songs” and to come to the pressed juice treats the deities as participants in a reciprocal rite: worship honors their rulership and wisdom, and they respond by blessing the sacrificers.
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