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Dhammapada · narration sample

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Rig Veda · 139 of 1027

Mandala 1: HYMN CXXXIX. Viśvedevas.

1.HEARD be our prayer! In thought I honour Agni first: now straightway we elect this heavenly company, Indra and Vāyu we elect. For when our latest thought is raised and on Vivasvān centred well, Then may our holy songs go forward on their way, our songs as ’twere unto the Gods.

2.As there ye, Mitra, Varuṇa, above the true have taken to yourselves the untrue with your mind, with wisdom’s mental energy, So in the seats wherein ye dwell have we beheld the Golden One, Not with our thoughts or spirit, but with these our eyes, yea, with the eyes that Soma gives.

3.Aśvins, the pious call you with their hymns of praise, sounding their loud song forth to you, these living men, to their oblations, living men. All glories and all nourishment, Lords of all wealth! depend on you. The fellies of your golden chariot scatter drops, Mighty Ones! of your golden car.

4.Well is it known, O Mighty Ones: ye open heaven; for you the chariot-steeds are yoked for morning rites, unswerving steeds for morning rites, We set you on the chariot-seat, ye Mighty, on the golden car. Ye seek mid-air as by a path that leads aright, as by a path that leads direct.

5.O Rich in Strength, through your great power vouchsafe us blessings day and night. The offerings which we bring to you shall never fail, gifts brought by us shall never fail.

6.These Soma-drops, strong Indra! drink for heroes, poured, pressed out by pressing-stones, are welling forth for thee, for thee the drops are welling forth. They shall make glad thy heart to give, to give wealth great and wonderful. Thou who acceptest praise come glorified by hymns, come thou to us benevolent.

7.Quickly, O Agni, hear us: magnified by us thou shalt speck for us to the Gods adorable yea, to the Kings adorable: When, O ye Deities, ye gave that Milch-cow to the Aṅgirases, They milked her: Aryaman, joined with them, did the work: he knoweth her as well as I.

8.Ne’er may these manly deeds of yours for us grow old, never may your bright glories fall into decay, never before our time decay. What deed of yours, new every age, wondrous, surpassing man, rings forth, Whatever, Maruts! may be difficult to gain, grant us, whate’er is hard to gain.

9.Dadhyac of old, Aṅgiras, Priyamedha these, and Kaṇva, Atri, Manu knew my birth, yea, those of ancient days and Manu knew. Their long line stretcheth to the Gods, our birth-connexions are with them. To these, for their high station, I bow down with song, to Indra, Agni, bow with song.

10.Let the Invoker bless: let offerers bring choice gifts; Bṛhaspati the Friend doth sacrifice with Steers, Steers that have many an excellence. Now with our ears we catch the sound of the press-stone that rings afar. The very Strong hath gained the waters by himself, the strong gained many a resting-place.

11.O ye Eleven Gods whose home is heaven, O ye Eleven who make earth your dwelling, Ye who with might, Eleven, live in waters, accept this sacrifice, O Gods, with pleasure.

Asked of Guide

Why does this hymn call on so many different gods together — Aśvins, Indra, Agni, Mitra‑Varuṇa, the Eleven Gods?

The hymn gathers many deities because it models a communal act of praise: the sacrificer summons the whole heavenly company so the ritual’s power flows “unto the Gods.” It links specialist gods — Agni to carry offerings, Soma and Indra for strength and gift‑giving, Aśvins for healing and dawn — into a single liturgical movement so each function is present.

This is how the Rig Veda treats agency: divine roles cooperate rather than compete; the poet names lineages and patrons (Aṅgirases, Manu) to place the worship in a social and cosmic network. For a parallel on ritual pluralism and role‑sharing, see Jan Gonda’s work on Vedic ritual, which emphasizes how hymns marshal multiple gods to secure a complete blessing.

Guide is the guide inside the Gnosis app, where every book on these shelves is free to read. Guide is the part you pay for — your guide has read all of them, and answers about the passage you’re actually on. Ask your guide your own question.