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Dhammapada · 5 of 26

CHAPTER V. The Fool

60.Long is the night to him who is awake; long is a mile to him who is tired; long is life to the foolish who do not know the true law.

61.If a traveller does not meet with one who is his better, or his equal, let him firmly keep to his solitary journey; there is no companionship with a fool.

62.‘These sons belong to me, and this wealth belongs to me,’ with such thoughts a fool is tormented. He himself does not belong to himself; how much less sons and wealth?

63.The fool who knows his foolishness, is wise at least so far. But a fool who thinks himself wise, he is called a fool indeed.

64.If a fool be associated with a wise man even all his life, he will perceive the truth as little as a spoon perceives the taste of sou.

65.If an intelligent man be associated for one minute only with a wise man, he will soon perceive the truth, as the tongue perceives the taste of soup.

66.Fools of little understanding have themselves for their greatest enemies, for they do evil deeds which must bear bitter fruits.

67.That deed is not well done of which a man must repent, and the reward of which he receives crying and with a tearful face.

68.No, that deed is well done of which a man does not repent, and the reward of which he receives gladly and cheerfully.

69.As long as the evil deed done does not bear fruit, the fool thinks it is like honey; but when it ripens, then the fool suffers grief.

70.Let a fool month after month eat his food (like an ascetic) with the tip of a blade of Kusa grass, yet he is not worth the sixteenth particle of those who have well weighed the law.

71.An evil deed, like newly-drawn milk, does not turn (suddenly); smouldering, like fire covered by ashes, it follows the fool.

72.And when the evil deed, after it has become known, brings sorrow to the fool, then it destroys his bright lot, nay, it cleaves his head.

73.Let the fool wish for a false reputation, for precedence among the Bhikshus, for lordship in the convents, for worship among other people!

74.‘May both the layman and he who has left the world think that this is done by me; may they be subject to me in everything which is to be done or is not to be done,’ thus is the mind of the fool, and his desire and pride increase.

75.‘One is the road that leads to wealth, another the road that leads to Nirvâna;’ if the Bhikshu, the disciple of Buddha, has learnt this, he will not yearn for honour, he will strive after separation from the world.

Asked of Guide

Why does the Dhammapada call someone who thinks himself wise a fool (verse 63)?

Verse 63 says a fool who knows his foolishness is at least partly wise, while the one who imagines himself wise is “called a fool indeed.” The poem points to self-knowledge as the criterion: awareness of one’s limitations opens the way to correction, whereas self-conceit closes learning and keeps wrong views intact.

This chapter keeps returning to consequences: ignorance brings suffering (verses 60, 66, 69–72) and right perception brings freedom from grasping (verses 62, 75). For a parallel, the Digha Nikaya emphasizes mindfulness and self-possession as the means to purify the mind, the same practical insight behind verse 63.

Guide is the guide inside the Gnosis app, where every book on these shelves is free to read. Guide is the part you pay for — your guide has read all of them, and answers about the passage you’re actually on. Ask your guide your own question.

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